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Landmark Accord Enshrines New Caledonia as State in French Constitution

The accord sets a constitutional revision this autumn with a binding referendum next February followed by local elections.

Nicolas Metzdorf, diputado opositor a la independencia de Nueva Caledonia
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Overview

  • Pro-independence Canacs and unionist delegates signed the 13-page accord on July 12 after ten days of negotiations near Paris.
  • The deal recognizes New Caledonia as a distinct state sharing French nationality and grants it coordinated control over international relations.
  • France retains defense, security, justice and currency powers while transferring broader self-government authorities to New Caledonian institutions.
  • The pact requires a French constitutional amendment this autumn, a February 2026 referendum and municipal and provincial elections in March and June 2026.
  • Officials will negotiate a joint economic refoundation and a strategic recovery plan for the nickel sector facing a deep financial crisis.