Overview
- USGS reported a new eruptive pulse on January 12 with dome-shaped lava fountains about 12 meters high feeding flows from north and south vents.
- Lava activity remains limited to the Halemaʻumaʻu crater, with intermittent overflows and monitoring focused on ash, gas, and aviation hazards.
- A January 10 event produced a column exceeding 20,000 feet, prompting the aviation status change and continued surveillance of summit emissions.
- Officials describe this as roughly the 40th short-duration episode since activity resumed on December 23, 2024, typically lasting hours to less than a day.
- Most heavier ash and tephra fall within 1–2 kilometers of vents, while finer particles can travel much farther, and high sulfur dioxide output can form vog that affects air quality; HVO provides real-time data and live video streams.