Overview
- The report analyzes more than 25 million shipment records worth nearly $4 trillion from January 2024 through November 2025.
- Researchers find U.S. import prices rise nearly one-for-one with tariff rates while trade volumes contract.
- The study links the roughly $200 billion jump in 2025 customs revenue to dollars paid by American businesses and households.
- Exporters in countries such as Brazil and India largely maintained dollar prices and cut shipment volumes rather than absorb tariff costs.
- The White House rejects the findings as foreign exporters’ burden grows, while the CBO now estimates only about 5% of tariff hikes are offset by lower foreign prices and the Supreme Court fast-tracks challenges to the policy’s legal basis.