Overview
- Iran’s leadership publicly attributed the unrest to foreign interference, with Ali Khamenei vowing punishment for domestic and overseas “criminals” and conceding there have been thousands of deaths.
- Human-rights group HRANA reports 3,090 confirmed fatalities, while an Iranian government representative cited by media spoke of at least 5,000 dead, figures that remain hard to verify under severe information controls.
- NetBlocks measured national connectivity at roughly two percent of normal levels, with limited SMS-based services restored for banking and authentication and traffic largely routed to a state-run intranet.
- The Munich Security Conference withdrew earlier invitations to Iranian officials and Europe’s aviation regulator advised airlines to avoid Iranian airspace, as reports described a U.S. carrier redeployment without Pentagon confirmation.
- European diaspora demonstrations expanded, with Hamburg police counting about 13,000 participants and Berlin about 1,300; two men were stabbed near the Hamburg rally and three suspects were arrested, with any link to the protest under investigation.