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Journal of Neuroscience Study Links Cue Reactivity to Slower Learning and Persistent Bad Choices

The findings point to a cue-driven learning style that may underlie rigid choices in addiction.

Overview

  • University of Bologna researchers used a three-phase Pavlovian–Instrumental Transfer task with eye-tracking, pupillometry, and computational modeling.
  • Participants labeled as sign-trackers showed larger pupil dilation to reward cues than to neutral cues, signaling heightened cue sensitivity.
  • Computational analyses indicated lower performance in sign-trackers was driven by slower updating of Pavlovian cue values rather than overweighting cue values over action values.
  • Goal-trackers updated values quickly when cue–outcome relationships changed, whereas sign-trackers persisted in disadvantageous choices.
  • The authors highlight relevance to addiction and compulsive disorders and urge clinical studies and intervention tests to modulate learning rates.