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Japan’s H3 Rocket Returns to Flight

The launch follows fixes for a December second-stage engine malfunction and aims to revive Japan’s commercial launch competitiveness.

Overview

  • The H3 launched on June 12 from Tanegashima carrying six probes, including a French commercial satellite that JAXA described as its first foreign commercial payload.
  • The vehicle had been grounded after a December 2025 second-stage engine malfunction that derailed a prior mission’s trajectory and prompted a program-wide pause for fixes.
  • Of seven H3 attempts since its 2024 debut, the rocket has failed twice, so the program’s reliability remains under close scrutiny despite the return to flight.
  • A companion small rocket, the Epsilon S, has not flown since a November 2024 test fire, leaving Japan short of spare lift capacity while it restores H3 momentum.
  • Japan’s space agency and Mitsubishi aim to reach a steady six-to-eight H3 launches per year because regular cadence is seen as essential to win commercial customers back from rivals such as SpaceX.