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JAMA Research Reveals Hidden Death Toll and Lasting Health Damage From Maui and Los Angeles Wildfires

Recent JAMA publications quantify hundreds of uncounted wildfire deaths accompanied by persistent respiratory and mental health harms

Overview

  • A JAMA study estimated 440 excess deaths in Los Angeles County from January 5 to February 1, 2025, far exceeding the official toll of 31 fatalities
  • Researchers attributed the excess deaths to toxic smoke exposure exacerbating heart and lung conditions and to healthcare delays during and after the fires
  • A University of Hawaii–led assessment found about 22% of Maui residents surveyed six to fourteen months after the August 2023 wildfires exhibited below-normal lung function
  • A New York University analysis recorded a 97% spike in suicide and overdose deaths on Maui during the wildfire month, recording 13 fatalities linked to mental health crises
  • Authors call for improved mortality surveillance and targeted public health interventions to address indirect and long-term impacts of climate-driven wildfires