Overview

• Voters faced five abrogative questions—four on modifying labor laws under the Jobs Act and one on halving the residency requirement for citizenship from 10 to 5 years.
• Participation stalled at roughly 29–30%, far below the 50%+1 quorum needed to validate any referendum question.
• Center-right parties, including Fratelli d’Italia, Forza Italia and Lega, actively urged abstention to block the vote’s validity.
• Senior government figures hailed the outcome as a mandate reinforcement and called for a review of Italy’s quorum rules for referendums.
• Opposition leaders acknowledged defeat but noted the debate on citizenship reform has gained lasting public visibility despite low turnout.