Overview
- Parallel experiments on the International Space Station and on Earth showed that T7 phage infection of E. coli was initially delayed in microgravity before proceeding.
- Whole-genome sequencing revealed distinct mutation patterns in both phages and bacteria in space compared with terrestrial controls.
- Deep mutational scanning of the phage receptor binding protein showed a different mutational landscape in microgravity that produced variants with superior activity against some T7‑resistant, UTI‑causing E. coli on Earth.
- Researchers cite altered fluid mixing and encounter rates in near‑weightless conditions as a likely driver of the early infection slowdown.
- The team emphasizes ISS constraints—small sample sizes, fixed hardware, and freezing or long storage—and calls for follow‑up studies to refine phage engineering and inform astronaut health.