Overview

• For over 30 years, Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has warned that Iran was only months away from producing a nuclear weapon.
• In June 2025, the Israel Defense Forces carried out precision air strikes on facilities near Tehran, claiming to have established aerial superiority over key nuclear sites.
• Iran responded with coordinated missile and drone attacks that penetrated Israeli air defenses and caused civilian injuries and infrastructure damage.
• The International Atomic Energy Agency and world leaders have intensified diplomatic efforts to avert further escalation and address global nuclear proliferation concerns.
• U.S. intelligence officials earlier this year concluded that Iran was not actively building a nuclear weapon, underscoring deep divisions over threat assessments.