Overview
- Demonstrations that began on December 28 over a collapsing rial and soaring prices spread from Tehran’s Grand Bazaar to students and dozens of cities.
- HRANA reports at least 36 people killed, more than 60 injured and 2,076 detained, while authorities acknowledge casualties among security forces; figures vary by group and remain unverified.
- Tehran saw tear gas and arrests in the Grand Bazaar, and activists say security forces raided a hospital in Ilam to detain wounded protesters.
- President Masoud Pezeshkian urged restraint by security forces as the government rolls out small cash stipends and prepares subsidy and exchange‑rate changes after replacing the central bank chief on December 29.
- President Donald Trump warned Iran would be hit “very hard” if peaceful protesters are killed, and army chief Amir Hatami vowed a forceful response to U.S. and Israeli statements.