Overview

• Indigenous protesters in Brasilia demand the protection of ancestral land rights, citing violations under a 2023 law preventing land reclamation.
• Security forces used tear gas and smoke bombs to disperse demonstrators near Congress, intensifying tensions at the annual Terra Livre camp.
• Protesters call for an end to illegal logging, mining, and new fossil fuel projects, aligning their demands with global climate goals ahead of November's COP30 Summit in Belém.
• Key Indigenous leaders, including Congresswoman Celia Xakriaba and Minister Sonia Guajajara, are leading efforts to amplify the movement's demands.
• The dispute over land rights has reached Brazil's Supreme Court, where Indigenous groups have rejected conciliation talks with the farming sector, citing constitutional concerns.