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India’s Top Court Recalibrates in 2025 With Late-Year Reversals and Stays

The court ended 2025 by putting its Aravalli definition on hold, signalling a shift toward interim fixes over final rulings.

Overview

  • On December 29, the Supreme Court kept its November Aravalli definition in abeyance and constituted a new expert committee to reassess the issue.
  • The court’s stray dog directives evolved into an order to remove canines from schools, hospitals and stations and relocate them to shelters rather than release them back.
  • A five‑judge Bench held courts cannot impose deadlines on governors or the President for assent, even as it said governors cannot keep Bills in indefinite limbo.
  • In a 2:1 ruling, the court reversed its May judgment and allowed ex‑post facto environmental clearances, citing the risk of demolishing public projects.
  • The court paused key provisions of the Waqf (Amendment) Act, 2025 pending review, and separately stayed the Delhi High Court’s suspension of Kuldeep Sengar’s life sentence.