Overview

• India suspended the Indus Waters Treaty on April 23, the first such action since the treaty's inception in 1960, following the Pahalgam attack.
• India has stopped sharing hydrological data with Pakistan and is fast-tracking construction of four hydropower projects on rivers allocated to Pakistan under the treaty.
• Pakistan, heavily reliant on Indus basin rivers for drinking water, agriculture, and hydropower, warns that further water flow curbs could be deemed an 'act of war.'
• India’s suspension of the treaty includes measures that could impact Pakistan’s flood management and water security, raising concerns over potential humanitarian and economic consequences.
• For the first time since the treaty’s signing, Pakistan has indicated a willingness to renegotiate its terms, reflecting shifting dynamics driven by demographic and environmental pressures.