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India’s Gaganyaan Human Spaceflight Set for Early 2027 Launch

ISRO confirms final preparations for Gaganyaan, with uncrewed missions in 2025 and 2026 laying the groundwork for India's first crewed spaceflight.

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The crewed spaceflights, codenamed H1 and H2, will be preceded by three uncrewed missions (G1, G2 and G3), the first to be launched in the last quarter of 2025 (ISRO Twitter)

Overview

  • The maiden crewed Gaganyaan mission is scheduled for the first quarter of 2027, sending a three-member crew to low Earth orbit for three days.
  • ISRO plans to conduct a second Test Vehicle mission (TV-D2) in late 2025 and two uncrewed orbital flights in 2026, one featuring the humanoid robot Vyommitra.
  • Four Indian Air Force pilots, now astronaut-designates, have completed training in Russia and are undergoing mission-specific training in India with ongoing assessments.
  • Approximately 90% of the Environment Control and Life Support System (ECLSS) development is complete, with key modules in final integration and testing phases.
  • The Gaganyaan programme positions India as the fourth nation to independently launch humans into space, reflecting its cost-effective and self-reliant technological advancements.