Overview

• DRDO is reported to begin testing the M1 interceptor in 2026 with a 150 km range, followed by M2 in 2027 (250 km) and M3 in 2028 (350 km), according to the Times of India citing top sources.
• If development proceeds as planned, induction of the long-range surface-to-air system could start around 2030, as reported by multiple outlets.
• DRDO on 23 August carried out a maiden integrated air-defence test that combined QRSAMs, VSHORADS and a 30-kilowatt laser-based directed-energy weapon.
• Chief of Defence Staff General Anil Chauhan said the effort will require a whole-of-nation approach and stated it "will act both as a shield and sword."
• The indigenous system is described as comparable to the S-400 and is framed within Mission Sudarshan Chakra to protect key areas by 2035 and to complement an expanded conventional missile arsenal.