Overview

• From July 1, 2024, to June 25, 2025, police departments filed 3.52 million FIRs under the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita.
• Chandigarh’s full implementation secured convictions in 71 of 78 decided cases, achieving a 91.1 percent conviction rate in an average of 109 days.
• More than 861,000 police officers, 43,086 prison staff, 11,735 judicial officers and 10,753 prosecutors have been trained in the new laws, and 2,430 forensic experts have joined investigative teams.
• Union Home Minister Amit Shah described the reforms as the biggest since independence and pledged full implementation in three years with Supreme Court appeals within that timeframe.
• Senior Congress leader P. Chidambaram criticised the overhaul as a cut-and-paste exercise that has created confusion in the administration of justice, prompting a swift BJP rebuttal.