Overview
- Unnamed sources said the two-stage, solid-fuel K-4 was launched in the Bay of Bengal off Visakhapatnam from the SSBN INS Arighaat.
- The defence ministry offered no confirmation, and a post-test analysis is assessing performance against mission objectives.
- The K-4’s reach allows patrols in the Bay of Bengal to hold targets deep inside China at risk, bolstering second-strike credibility.
- India currently operates INS Arihant and INS Arighaat, with Aridhaman expected to commission in early 2026 and a fourth Arihant-class boat launched in October.
- Plans call for larger S-5-class SSBNs and indigenous nuclear-powered attack submarines approved in 2024 to strengthen protected deterrent patrols.