Overview

• A three-judge panel unanimously found Ali Muhammad Ali Abd‑Al‑Rahman guilty of 27 war crimes and crimes against humanity for 2003–2004 attacks in Darfur.
• The court rejected his mistaken‑identity defense, ruling he is the Janjaweed commander known as Ali Kushayb.
• Judges cited evidence from 56 prosecution witnesses describing mass executions, gang rapes, torture and the razing of villages, including orders to shoot prisoners and axe killings.
• Four of the original 31 charges were not adjudicated because they were covered by counts on which he was convicted, and he faces a maximum life sentence.
• Human rights groups hailed a landmark for victims as the ICC pursues further accountability related to Sudan’s ongoing RSF–SAF war and a deepening humanitarian crisis.