Overview
- Protected zones span 2.3 million km² of Amazônia Legal (46.6%), across 1,053 areas—430 conservation units, 378 Indigenous lands and 245 quilombola territories—with overlaps excluded, the institute reported at COP30 in Belém.
- About 2.27 million people live in conservation units, 428,000 in Indigenous lands and 92,000 in quilombola territories; literacy rates trail national levels at 87.08%, 77.25% and 82.13% respectively versus 93% for Brazil.
- In conservation units, 75.19% of residents face at least one housing-service shortfall and 22.23% experience simultaneous deficiencies in water, sewage and waste collection.
- In Indigenous lands, 98.04% of residents report some housing-service precariousness and 75.05% face all three deficiencies at once, with traditional open-structure dwellings excluded from the analysis.
- In quilombola territories, 96.90% of residents have at least one housing-service gap and 36.55% confront combined problems in water supply, sewage and solid-waste collection.