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House Sets Make-Or-Break Vote on Trump’s $4.5 Trillion Reconciliation Bill

House Republicans cleared rule hurdles to set a final vote before Independence Day as Democrats prolonged debate through stalling amendments

Speaker of the House Mike Johnson speaks to the press ahead of House vote on Trump's Big Beautiful Bill.
Speaker of the House Mike Johnson speaks to the press, as Republican lawmakers struggle to pass U.S. President Donald Trump's sweeping spending and tax bill, on Capitol Hill, in Washington, D.C., U.S., July 2, 2025.
House speaker Mike Johnson during a senate vote on the One, Big, Beautiful Bill Act at the U.S. Capitol on July 1, 2025.
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Overview

  • House Republicans advanced the Senate’s version of President Trump’s $4.5 trillion reconciliation package through the House Rules Committee, teeing up a final passage vote before the July 4 deadline.
  • Speaker Mike Johnson and White House pressure quelled key Freedom Caucus objections, but the party’s two-vote margin means the bill can lose no more than three GOP votes on the floor.
  • Democrats used procedural tools, including an eight-hour-and-44-minute magic-minute speech by Minority Leader Hakeem Jeffries and repeated amendment votes, to delay the process.
  • The Senate text makes permanent the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, adds deductions for tips, overtime and interest, boosts defense and border spending and rolls back Biden-era green-energy credits.
  • The Congressional Budget Office projects the legislation would increase deficits by about $3.3 trillion over ten years and cut Medicaid and SNAP coverage for roughly 11.8 million Americans through new work requirements.