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House GOP Scrambles to Secure Votes on Trump’s $4.5 Trillion Reconciliation Bill

Speaker Mike Johnson is racing to secure the three last GOP votes or risk missing Trump’s self-imposed July 4 deadline.

Speaker of the House Mike Johnson speaks to the press ahead of House vote on Trump's Big Beautiful Bill.
House speaker Mike Johnson during a senate vote on the One, Big, Beautiful Bill Act at the U.S. Capitol on July 1, 2025.
US Capitol dome on June 29, 2025, as US President Donald Trump's Big Beautiful Bill continues through the Senate. US senators debated into the early hours of Sunday Donald Trump's "big beautiful" spending bill, a hugely divisive proposal that would deliver key parts of the US president's domestic agenda while making massive cuts to social welfare programs. (Photo by Jim WATSON / AFP) (Photo by JIM WATSON/AFP via Getty Images)
Speaker of the House Mike Johnson speaks to the press, as Republican lawmakers struggle to pass U.S. President Donald Trump's sweeping spending and tax bill, on Capitol Hill, in Washington, D.C., U.S., July 2, 2025.

Overview

  • The House Rules Committee approved the Senate’s reconciliation text 7–6 after nearly 12 hours of debate, advancing it to a final vote as early as Wednesday evening.
  • With just a 220–212 majority, Republican leadership faces pressure from holdouts—Representatives Thomas Massie, Chip Roy and Ralph Norman—who object to rising deficits and steep Medicaid cuts.
  • The Senate package would enshrine $4.5 trillion in tax cuts, including permanent 2017 rates, no taxes on tips and a $40,000 SALT cap, plus roughly $350 billion for defense and immigration enforcement.
  • Major reductions to Medicaid and SNAP, backed by new work requirements, are forecast by the CBO to strip health and food aid from 11.8 million people over ten years and add $3.3 trillion to the deficit.
  • Any floor amendments would send the bill back to the Senate and risk missing President Trump’s July 4 deadline for enactment.