Overview

• New benchmarks show the steepest 2025 increases for gas (~+15% to about €1,180 for a 70 m² flat) and wood pellets (+20% to ~€740), with oil (+3% to ~€1,055), district heat (+2% to ~€1,245) and heat pumps (+5% to ~€715) rising more moderately.
• co2online attributes the rebound mainly to higher energy prices and a colder start to 2025 after last year’s temporary relief.
• The report projects gas and oil heating costs could be roughly triple today’s levels within 20 years as CO2 pricing expands and per‑customer gas‑network fees climb, while district heat and pellets may roughly double and heat pumps remain the lowest operating cost option.
• Nine in ten households could trim bills by about €400 a year through simple steps such as correct thermostat settings, timed ventilation and lower hot‑water use, with further gains from low‑cost technical measures.
• Affordability pressures persist as about 4.2 million people lived in households behind on energy bills in 2024, and despite a 2.3% year‑on‑year dip in August 2025 household energy prices, overall levels remain high.