Overview

• More than two dozen Palestinians have been killed in recent days in intra-Palestinian fighting between Hamas and armed clans, according to reporting.
• Hamas targeted rivals including the powerful Dughmush clan in Gaza City and moved on areas of Khan Younis, triggering fierce street battles.
• The Popular Forces and other newly formed groups publicly refused to disarm, with some leaders asserting they represent alternatives to Hamas.
• Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said in June that Israel armed certain Gazan clans and militias, intensifying concerns about proxy dynamics and fragmentation.
• Local accounts described executions of alleged collaborators and the shooting death of journalist Saleh Aljafarawi by Palestinian gunmen, highlighting the collapse of public security.