Overview

• Roughly 50 countries covering about 24% of global emissions have submitted third-round NDCs, leaving most parties yet to file 2035 plans.
• A Climate Watch analysis estimates an 18.9 GtCO2e gap to a 2°C pathway and a 29.9 GtCO2e gap to 1.5°C based on unconditional pledges.
• The European Union has not finalized a unified 2035 target and is preparing a temporary submission indicating a 66.25%–72.5% cut from 1990 levels.
• India plans to submit its updated NDC around the start of COP30, with officials signaling higher energy-efficiency ambition as it reports non-fossil power capacity above 50%.
• After President Trump dismissed climate change at the UNGA, the High Ambition Coalition and vulnerable-country groups urged immediate emissions peaking, net zero by 2050, and 1.5°C‑aligned plans with scaled-up finance.