Overview

• Hamas-run health officials report 31 people killed and more than 170 wounded by gunfire near a Gaza Humanitarian Foundation distribution center in Rafah on June 1 as crowds gathered for food aid.
• Witnesses say Israeli forces opened fire at crowds about one kilometer from the aid hub, but an initial Israeli military inquiry found no evidence of IDF fire and the foundation insists deliveries occurred “without incident.”
• The Gaza Humanitarian Foundation, backed by Israel and the United States, has faced repeated allegations of chaos and violence around its distribution sites located within Israeli military zones inaccessible to independent observers.
• United Nations agencies and major aid groups have refused to work with the new distribution system, arguing that Israeli oversight undermines humanitarian principles and hinders impartial aid delivery.
• Gaza’s health ministry says Israel’s military campaign since October 2023 has killed over 54,000 people and displaced 90% of the territory’s population, and UN experts warn of looming famine without expanded aid access.