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Google Unveils Project Suncatcher to Test AI Chips on Solar-Powered Satellites by 2027

The moonshot targets near‑continuous orbital sunlight to reduce the energy and water burdens of ground‑based AI data centers.

Overview

  • Google released a preprint and blog outlining plans with Planet Labs to fly two TPU‑equipped prototype satellites by early 2027 to assess power, communications and system reliability.
  • Lab radiation tests reported that Trillium v6e TPUs showed no hard failures up to a total ionizing dose of 15 krad(Si) under a 67 MeV proton beam.
  • The concept envisions compact constellations in dawn‑dusk sun‑synchronous orbit using free‑space optical links targeting tens of terabits per second.
  • Tight formation flying within roughly a kilometer, advanced collision avoidance, vacuum thermal management and high‑throughput optical interconnects remain unresolved challenges.
  • Google frames the effort as long‑term research, projecting potential cost parity only if launch prices fall toward about $200 per kilogram by the mid‑2030s.