Overview

• The retrospective cohort analyzed 86,632 propensity-matched adults with overweight or obesity from the OneFlorida+ network, comparing 43,317 GLP-1 users with 43,315 nonusers.
• Overall cancer incidence was lower among GLP-1 users (13.6 vs. 16.4 per 1,000 person-years), corresponding to a hazard ratio of 0.83.
• Significant protective associations were observed for endometrial cancer (HR 0.75), ovarian cancer (HR 0.53), and meningioma (HR 0.69).
• A numerically higher kidney cancer risk was detected (HR 1.38) but did not reach statistical significance, prompting calls for further study.
• Investigators caution that observational design, residual confounding, low event counts, and lack of longitudinal BMI data limit causal conclusions and underscore the need for longer follow-up and randomized trials.