Overview

• Global primary energy demand rose by 2% in 2023, setting a new record of 620 exajoules.
• Fossil fuels accounted for 81.5% of the global energy mix, with consumption rising by 1.5%.
• Renewable energy generation hit a new high, yet could not keep pace with overall energy demand.
• China and India led the increase in fossil fuel use, with China also dominating renewable additions.
• Emissions surpassed 40 gigatonnes of CO2 for the first time, highlighting the challenge of reducing global carbon output.