Global Fossil Fuel Consumption and Emissions Reach Record Highs in 2023

Despite significant growth in renewable energy, fossil fuels continue to dominate the global energy mix, driving emissions past 40 gigatonnes.

Global primary energy demand rose by 2% in 2023, setting a new record of 620 exajoules.
Fossil fuels accounted for 81.5% of the global energy mix, with consumption rising by 1.5%.
Renewable energy generation hit a new high, yet could not keep pace with overall energy demand.
China and India led the increase in fossil fuel use, with China also dominating renewable additions.
Emissions surpassed 40 gigatonnes of CO2 for the first time, highlighting the challenge of reducing global carbon output.