Overview
- The Global Carbon Budget 2025 estimates fossil CO2 emissions at about 38.1 billion tonnes this year, up roughly 1.1% from 2024.
- Atmospheric CO2 is projected to reach around 425.7 parts per million in 2025, extending record highs from last year.
- Emissions from all major fossil fuels increased in 2025, with coal up 0.8%, oil up 1.0%, and natural gas up 1.3%.
- Natural carbon sinks have weakened over 2015–2024, with land uptake down about 25% and ocean uptake down about 7.9%.
- Regional estimates show increases in the United States (+1.9%), India (+1.4%) and the European Union (+0.4%), while China is assessed at about +0.4% with acknowledged uncertainty and conflicting analyses; 35 countries nonetheless cut emissions while their economies grew, and Amazon deforestation fell to its lowest since 2014.