Overview
- Germany ended 2025 with about 83.5 million residents, roughly 100,000 fewer than a year earlier, marking the first decline since 2020.
- Births are estimated at 640,000–660,000 and deaths at about 1.00 million, leaving a birth deficit of 340,000–360,000 for a fourth straight year above 300,000.
- Net migration is estimated at 220,000–260,000, at least 40% below 2024’s 430,183, leaving migration gains too small to close the birth–death gap.
- The figures are provisional, built from monthly birth and migration data through October 2025 with the final two months modeled, with definitive results due in June–July 2026.
- Population declines previously occurred from 2003–2010 and in 2020, while growth from 2011–2024 was driven largely by migration, which averaged 356,000 annually and was last this low in 2020.