Overview

• A collaborative GWAS of more than 1.1 million individuals pinpointed 57 distinct genomic loci and 48 genes associated with stuttering risk.
• Analysis revealed shared genetic architecture between stuttering, autism, depression and musical rhythm traits, suggesting common neurological pathways.
• Researchers observed sex-specific genetic signatures that differentiate persistent stuttering in males from recovery in females and built polygenic risk scores from male-derived signals that predicted risk across both sexes.
• The gene VRK2 emerged as the strongest male-associated signal and has prior links to beat synchronization and language decline in Alzheimer’s studies.
• Investigators are calling for follow-up research into molecular mechanisms, early screening strategies and development of targeted interventions.