Overview

• At the St. Petersburg International Gas Forum, Gazprom CEO Alexey Miller said long‑range outlooks indicate an anomalously cold winter that occurs roughly once every 20 years.
• Miller cited potential lows near minus 25°C across European Russia but did not provide specific temperature figures for European Union countries.
• Gazprom reported European underground gas storage at 82.7% and said the 90% target now looks unlikely, warning of supply strain in severe frost.
• Hydrometcentre head Roman Vilfand said this winter should be colder than last year yet on average near or even above climatological norms.
• Moscow outlooks point to a milder season: the city bureau expects a positive anomaly with December near or slightly below normal, and forecaster Evgeny Tishkovets projects meteorological winter in late November with only a 14% chance of minus 25°C cold.