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Gaza Deal Enters Fraught Second Phase as EU Pledges Continued Pressure on Israel

European and regional actors press for progress on disarmament and Gaza governance to consolidate the ceasefire.

Overview

  • Hamas and allied groups released all remaining living Israeli hostages on October 13–14, completing the first-phase swap under President Trump's 20‑point plan.
  • The Palestinian media office reported that Israel freed 1,718 Gaza-sector prisoners who returned to the enclave and transferred 250 long-term or life-sentence prisoners to other Palestinian territories.
  • Leaders at a Sharm el‑Sheikh summit backed moving to next steps that include governance arrangements, reconstruction and broader political tracks, according to the Egyptian presidency.
  • EU officials told Politico they will sustain pressure on Israel after the ceasefire, citing leverage tied to accountability and reconstruction funding, with France's recognition push highlighted.
  • Former U.S. ambassador Dan Shapiro and Financial Times reporting warned that disputes over Hamas disarmament and Gaza’s administration could provoke an Israeli coalition crisis or a return to military operations.