G7 Unveils Alliance to Secure Critical Minerals and Curb China’s Market Power

Overview

• The energy ministers meeting in Toronto announced the Alliance for the Production of Critical Minerals, formalizing a June G7 plan.
• The initiative targets dependence on Chinese refining of key inputs such as rare earths, which officials and experts say poses economic and security risks.
• Policy tools under discussion include pre‑purchase offtake contracts, guaranteed price floors and stockpiling to back new mining and processing projects.
• G7 members also aim to mobilize private investment, while the United States and Canada have increased public financing to boost copper, lithium, nickel and rare‑earth capacity.
• Hours before the meeting opened, President Donald Trump and President Xi Jinping signed a rare‑earth supply agreement, a move German minister Katherina Reiche called a good sign, as Brazil debates PL 2780 to define a national policy for its vast critical‑minerals reserves.