Overview

• The ongoing trial of the Mazan rapes, involving 51 accused men, has reignited debate over France's legal definition of rape, which currently excludes explicit reference to consent.
• France's penal code defines rape based on violence, threat, coercion, or surprise, a standard criticized by international bodies including the Council of Europe.
• Spain's 2019 legal reforms, following the high-profile 'La Manada' case, introduced the 'Solo sí es sí' law, requiring explicit consent for sexual acts, setting a potential model for France.
• Proponents of the reform argue that including consent in the law would better protect victims and increase conviction rates, while critics warn of potential challenges in proving consent in court.
• The French government, which previously resisted such changes, now voices tentative support, reflecting shifting public and political attitudes influenced by feminist movements and international pressure.