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Fossilized Dinosaur Gut Confirms Sauropods Swallowed Plants Whole

The rare fossil reveals a mid-Cretaceous sauropod that processed plant meals through microbial fermentation following ingestion of conifers, seed ferns, early flowering plants.

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artist's impression of a diamantosaurus

Overview

  • A subadult Diamantinasaurus matildae specimen nicknamed Judy, excavated in 2017 from Queensland’s Winton Formation, preserves the first-ever sauropod cololite.
  • Scientists identified unchewed conifer bracts, seed fern fruiting bodies and angiosperm leaves in the fossilized gut contents, confirming a varied herbivorous diet.
  • Plant fragments bear cut edges without chewing marks, supporting bulk feeding and indicating reliance on fermentation and gut microbes.
  • The coexistence of high-reach conifer debris and low-growing flowering plant material suggests feeding at multiple heights and possible dietary shifts during growth.
  • Mineralization in an acidic gut environment enabled exceptional preservation, though the findings reflect a single individual’s last meals and may not represent all sauropods.