Overview

• The Muon g-2 collaboration released its final result using data from 2021 to 2023, achieving a precision of 127 parts per billion and surpassing its original goal.
• Advanced lattice QCD calculations of the hadronic vacuum polarization were key to bringing the Standard Model prediction into agreement with the experimental value.
• The Muon g-2 Theory Initiative replaced earlier data-driven inputs with first-principles simulations, resolving a decades-long discrepancy.
• The close match between measurement and theory significantly narrows the parameter space for potential physics beyond the Standard Model.
• Researchers plan to mine the existing dataset for electric dipole moment and symmetry tests, while Japan’s future experiment will probe residual uncertainties.