Overview

• France remains under its highest red alert with the Eiffel Tower summit closed until Thursday and more than 1,300 schools at least partially shut.
• Italy’s health ministry has banned outdoor work from midday to late afternoon in 17 major cities to protect laborers from dangerous heat.
• Fast-moving wildfires in Catalonia have killed two people and charred over 6,500 hectares, while blazes in Turkey have forced the evacuation of roughly 50,000 residents.
• Mediterranean sea surface temperatures are now 3–6 °C above long-term averages, significantly reducing nighttime cooling.
• Climate experts warn that without rapid adaptation, summers exceeding 40 °C could become an annual occurrence across southern Europe by 2100.