Overview
- Thirty-five countries approved the Declaration de Paris, setting out robust post-ceasefire guarantees that include a European-led force and U.S.-led ceasefire monitoring and verification.
- Emmanuel Macron, Keir Starmer and Volodymyr Zelensky signed a declaration of intent to deploy air, sea and ground units in Ukraine once hostilities halt.
- Macron said “several thousand” French troops could be sent for non-combat reassurance and border-control roles, with front-line monitoring expected to rely on drones and satellites.
- U.S. envoys Steve Witkoff and Jared Kushner said the security protocols are largely finalised and that President Trump supports them, while specific national troop contributions and rules are still to be defined.
- National positions diverge—Germany signals contributions from a neighboring NATO country and Italy rules out ground troops—and the initiative remains contingent on a ceasefire that Moscow has repeatedly rejected, as Zelensky presses for clearer commitments against any renewed attack.