Eminent Domain Case in Georgia Could Reshape U.S. Property Law

Residents challenge Sandersville Railroad's plan to condemn land for a new rail line, sparking a legal battle over the definition of 'public use' in eminent domain cases.

A hearing has begun to determine whether the Sandersville Railroad can legally condemn property to build a 4.5-mile rail line that would serve a rock quarry and potentially other industries.
The case could have implications for property law across the U.S., as it challenges the use of eminent domain, the government power to legally take private land while paying fair compensation.
Residents oppose the rail line, fearing it would enable expansion at a quarry owned by Heidelberg Materials, a German firm, which they claim already generates noise, dust, and truck traffic.
Opponents, including the Institute for Justice, argue that the project would only benefit the quarry and does not meet the definition of 'public use' required for eminent domain under Georgia law.
The Sandersville Railroad counters that there are other potential users, including a company that blends gravel and asphalt for paving, and several companies have expressed interest in using the short line for access to CSX.