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Education Scorecard Finds Prolonged U.S. ‘Reading Recession’

Researchers link pockets of progress to phonics-based literacy reforms.

Overview

  • The Education Scorecard, released Wednesday, finds students are roughly half a grade behind pre‑pandemic levels in reading.
  • Only five states plus Washington, D.C., posted meaningful reading gains between 2022 and 2025.
  • Most states showed improvement in math over the same period, though many remain below 2019 marks.
  • Recovery followed a U-shaped pattern by income level, with high-poverty gains tied to targeted federal relief while middle-poverty districts lagged.
  • Local bright spots credit phonics-focused instruction, teacher training, and tighter supports in places such as Los Angeles, Compton, Modesto, and Detroit.