Overview

• The court’s 17-judge Grand Chamber found by a 15-2 vote that Swiss courts failed to provide a rigorous Article 6 hearing for Semenya’s appeal against World Athletics’ testosterone regulations
• Judges ordered Switzerland to cover €80,000 in Semenya’s legal expenses after concluding that her right to a fair trial was breached
• World Athletics’ rules on limiting testosterone levels for athletes with differences of sex development remain in effect, keeping Semenya barred from elite competition
• The case is remanded to the Swiss Federal Court in Lausanne to reassess procedural compliance with human rights standards
• The ruling could shape future challenges to eligibility policies across other Olympic and professional sports