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Early-Onset Cancer Rates Surge in U.S., Study Reveals Alarming Trends

New NCI analysis shows rising incidence in 14 cancers among adults under 50, with breast, colorectal, kidney, and uterine cancers driving most cases.

FILE - A radiologist uses a magnifying glass to check mammograms for breast cancer in Los Angeles, May 6, 2010. (AP Photo/Damian Dovarganes, File)
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Overview

  • The National Cancer Institute's study analyzed U.S. cancer data from 2010 to 2019 for incidence and 2010 to 2022 for mortality, identifying a rise in early-onset cancers across 14 types.
  • Female breast, colorectal, kidney, and uterine cancers account for over 80% of the excess early-onset cases observed in 2019 compared to 2010 rates.
  • Five cancers—melanoma, cervical, stomach, plasma cell neoplasms, and bone/joint cancers—showed increases exclusively in younger adults, suggesting unique risk factors.
  • Mortality rates rose for four early-onset cancers: colorectal, uterine, testicular, and bone/joint cancers, while other rising-incidence cancers did not show increased death rates.
  • Researchers cite obesity, lifestyle changes, and improved detection as potential contributors, with screening guidelines already adjusted for breast and colorectal cancers.