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Discovery Reveals Cause of Earth's Ancient 'Snowball' Ice Age

Australian geologists uncover the mystery behind Earth's 57-million-year-long glaciation period, attributing it to historically low volcanic CO2 emissions.

An artist’s illustration of a ‘snowball Earth
Lead author Adriana Dutkiewicz points to deposits left behind during the Sturtian glaciation in Australia's northern Flinders Ranges

Overview

  • Geologists used plate tectonic modeling to determine low volcanic CO2 emissions and weathering of volcanic rocks in Canada as key factors.
  • The Sturtian glaciation, lasting from 717 to 660 million years ago, marked one of the most extreme icehouse climates in Earth's history.
  • The study highlights Earth's built-in thermostat and the sensitivity of global climate to atmospheric carbon concentration.
  • Research raises questions about Earth's long-term future, comparing potential outcomes with past geological climate changes.
  • Human-induced climate change is occurring at a pace 10 times faster than historical geological climate changes, according to NASA.