Overview

• As of mid-2025, India’s non-fossil energy capacity totaled 242.8 GW—comprising 184.6 GW of renewables, 49.4 GW of hydro and 8.8 GW of nuclear—about half of its 484.8 GW total.
• Deloitte estimates $200–250 billion by 2030 is needed to add 258 GW of capacity and meet the 500 GW non-fossil target through advanced manufacturing, grid integration and system expansion.
• Balancing variable renewables demands an eightfold increase in energy storage capacity, requiring $250–300 billion in capital expenditure by fiscal 2030.
• Mandated blending of ethanol and sustainable aviation fuel will drive $75–80 billion of biofuels investments, while green hydrogen adoption will necessitate $90–100 billion in new infrastructure.
• Green bonds, climate funds and blended finance models are essential to mobilise the scale of capital required to reduce emissions, enhance energy security and support climate resilience.