Overview
- Copenhagen topped the 2025 index with a score of 98.0, earning perfect marks in stability, education and infrastructure.
- Vienna’s stability score fell to 95 after a bomb threat at a Taylor Swift concert and a foiled train-station attack, tying it with Zurich for second place.
- Healthcare and education improvements in several cities balanced sharp stability declines across Western Europe, North Africa and Asia.
- Australia placed three cities in the top 10, with Melbourne fourth, Sydney sixth and Adelaide ninth, while Canadian cities Calgary and Toronto slipped amid healthcare strains.
- Al Khobar rose 13 places to 135th thanks to expanded social services, and Damascus remained the least liveable city among 173 ranked.