Overview
- Brazil unveiled the Tropical Forest Forever Facility targeting about $125 billion, offering payments for conserved hectares and penalties for new deforestation with satellite verification.
- Pledges announced so far total roughly $5.5 billion, including about $1 billion from Brazil, while Germany named no amount and Britain has stepped back as a main sponsor.
- The United States is absent from the negotiations after exiting the Paris Agreement, though more than 100 representatives from U.S. states and cities plan to attend independently.
- The European Union arrived with a range‑style 2040 goal of a 90% emissions cut, permitting up to five percentage points via overseas credits, a last‑minute approach criticized as weakened leadership.
- UN analyses and scientists warn current trajectories point to about 2.4–2.9°C warming, as Belém hosts an unprecedented Indigenous presence and Brazil faces scrutiny over new Amazon oil plans and infrastructure.