Overview
- Brazil’s Tropical Forests Forever Facility drew roughly $5–5.5 billion in early pledges from backers including Norway and France, with Germany signaling a considerable commitment, to reward countries for protecting rainforests.
- Leaders from climate‑vulnerable nations demanded climate justice and much greater funding, noting last year’s $300 billion pledge remains undistributed and the loss‑and‑damage fund holds under $800 million as talks eye about $1.3 trillion annually by 2035.
- Participation patterns shifted as many delegations downsized, business leaders moved parallel events to São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, and the United States declined to send an envoy under President Trump.
- Brazil is running an unorthodox, action‑oriented COP with thematic days, broader Indigenous inclusion and resistance to a single end‑of‑summit ‘cover decision,’ even as new Amazon oil approvals draw criticism.
- New scientific warnings flagged rising risks of tipping points and record greenhouse‑gas levels, while Brazil and the European Union announced a coalition with China and others to work toward a shared global carbon market.