Overview

• Roughly half of Paris Agreement parties missed the updated 2035 NDC deadline, with the COP30 president calling the lag "disappointing" and citing India and parts of the European Union as still pending while China moves to file.
• Only submissions made by the UNFCCC deadline will appear in the UN synthesis that informs the talks, though late NDCs can still influence political discussions in Belém.
• Participation is tracking high: at least 162 delegations are confirmed, and local officials report 168 delegations with about 50 heads of state expected.
• A 25‑member UNFCCC technical team is now in Belém to oversee build‑out, security, transport, health and accreditation as the event enters its operational phase.
• Pré‑COP meetings in Brasília on Oct. 13–14 aim to narrow gaps before November, as the presidency spotlights a $1.3 trillion annual finance pathway and cautions the Tropical Forests Fund may not be operational pending certification reviews.